TMJ treatment focuses on managing the symptoms of TMD. This often involves pain management. This can include nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications (NSAIDs), which are available OTC and by prescription, as well as muscle relaxers that help stop spasms in the jaw muscles. If these do not relieve your symptoms, your doctor might prescribe low doses of antidepressants or other drugs used to treat nerve pain.

Physical therapy: Physiotherapy can include heat or cold therapy, massage, stretching and resistance exercises to strengthen the jaw muscles. It can also include posture and stress reduction techniques. Research suggests that these can be effective in reducing TMD symptoms. In addition, a therapist may suggest self-management activities like avoiding nail biting, clenching and grinding and relaxing before sleep.

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Other treatments: Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) generates a single-wavelength light, which accelerates connective tissue repair and reduces inflammation. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) uses small electrodes to generate a low electrical current that reduces pain and stiffness by blocking the release of acetylcholine. Microcurrent therapy produces a low electrical current that stimulates the body’s production of ATP, which helps relax muscle tissue.

Other surgical options: TMJ surgery is typically performed by an oral surgeon or otolaryngologist who specializes in temporomandibular disorders. However, some insurance companies might classify splints and other surgical appliances as dental items rather than medical ones, which might require you to pay out of pocket. You can find more information about TMJ treatment costs by checking your individual insurance plan’s coverage guide.